Table 2 Model fluxes.
From: Permo–Triassic boundary carbon and mercury cycling linked to terrestrial ecosystem collapse
Description | Name | Equation | Size at present |
|---|---|---|---|
Transfer fluxes | \({\mathrm{tran}}_{{\mathrm{ij}}}\) | \({\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{i}}{\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{circ}}}\) | Multiple |
Air–sea exchanges | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{airsea}}_{\mathrm{j}}}\) | \({\mathrm{A}}_{\mathrm{j}}{\mathrm{M}}_{{\mathrm{atm}}}({\textstyle{{{\mathrm{pCO}}_{2{\mathrm{a}}} - {\mathrm{pCO}}_{2{\mathrm{j}}}} \over {\tau _{{\mathrm{oa}}}}}})\) | Multiple |
Silicate weathering | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{silw}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{basw}}}{\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{T}}_{{\mathrm{bas}}}} + {\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{granw}}}{\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{T}}_{{\mathrm{gran}}}}\) | \(8 \times 10^{12}\). mol C yr−1 |
Carbonate weathering | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{carbw}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{carbw}}}{\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{Tcarb}}}\) | \(8 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Oxidative weathering | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{oxidw}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{oxidw}}}\left( {{\mathrm{RO}}_2} \right)^{0.5}{\mathrm{F}}_{{\mathrm{oxidw}}}\) | \(7.75 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Carbonate degassing | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{ccdeg}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{ccdeg}}}{\mathrm{D}}\) | \(8 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Organic carbon degassing | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{ocdeg}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{ocdeg}}}{\mathrm{D}}\) | \(1.25 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Mare carbonate burial | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{mccb}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{mccb}}}{\textstyle{{\left( {{\mathrm{\Omega }} - 1} \right)^{1.7}} \over {{\mathrm{\Omega }}_0}}}\) | \(16 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Marine organic C burial | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{mocb}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{mocb}}}\) | \(4.5 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Marine carbonate burial | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{mccb}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{mccb}}}\) | \(16 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Land organic C burial | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{locb}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{locb}}}{\mathrm{F}}_{{\mathrm{Cburial}}}\) | \(4.5 \times 10^{12}\) mol C yr−1 |
Volcanic Hg release | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{volc}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{volc}}}}{\mathrm{F}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{input}}\) | \(1.5 \times 10^6\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Wildfire Hg release | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{wildfire}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{wildfire}}}}\) | \(5 \times 10^5\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Riverine Hg runoff | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{runoff}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{runoff}}}}{\mathrm{F}}_{{\mathrm{runoff}}}\) | \(2 \times 10^6\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Marine Hg burial | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{b}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{b}}}({\textstyle{{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{s}}} \over {{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{s}}_0}}}})\) | \(2 \times 10^6\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Vegetation Hg deposition | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{vegdep}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{vegdep}}}}({\textstyle{{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{a}}} \over {{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{a}}_0}}}})\) | \(1 \times 10^7\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Vegetation Hg evasion | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{vegeva}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{vegeva}}}}\) | \(1 \times 10^7\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Ocean Hg deposition | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{oceandep}}_{\mathrm{j}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{oceandep}}}}({\textstyle{{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{a}}} \over {{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{a}}_0}}}})\) | \(1.5 \times 10^7\) mol Hg yr−1* |
Ocean Hg evasion | \({\mathrm{f}}_{{\mathrm{oceaneva}}_{\mathrm{j}}}\) | \({\mathrm{k}}_{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{oceaneva}}}}({\textstyle{{{\mathrm{Hg}}_{\mathrm{j}}} \over {{\mathrm{Hg}}_{{\mathrm{j}}_0}}}})\) | \(1.5 \times 10^7\) mol Hg yr−1* |
