Fig. 3: Chromosome evolution inferred from cytomolecular analysis.

Color-coded representation of the syntenic relationship between the five B. distachyon Bd21 chromosomes and the corresponding B. stacei ABR114 chromosomes and ancestral rice chromosome equivalents. a–c The relationship between B. distachyon chromosomes Bd1 to Bd3 and the corresponding B. stacei chromosomes can be explained by a series of nested insertions of whole ancestral chromosome equivalents into centromeric regions (Bd1: Bs7 → Bs6 → Bs2; Bd2: Bs8 → Bs1; Bd3: Bs3 → Bs4). d Chromosome Bd4 shows the synteny of chromosomes Bs5 and Bs10 with the occurrence of a pericentromeric inversion in Bd4. e Chromosome Bd5 is highly collinear with Bs9. The asterisks indicate the location of the secondary constriction/satellite region in Bd5 and Bs6, which carry 35S rDNA loci.