Fig. 4: Simulated variation of Dave and Kave on magnetic domain evolution.

Dependence of the experimentally established values of a Kave (red circles) and b Dave (red squares) on εave on the d ~ 350 nm [Pt/Co/Ta]12 nano-dot. The positive value of εave represents the tensile strain, while the negative value signifies the compressive strain. The dashed line represents the boundary between the tensile strain and the compressive strain. The black lines in a and b represent the fitting lines by using linear equations. The error margin of Kave at different E is added by measuring two different samples and the error margin of Dave at different E is added by fitting different εave–Dave curves for both the continuous thin film and d ~850 nm nano-dot. c Simulations of the influence of Dave on the magnetic domain evolution. d Simulations of the variation of Kave on the magnetic domain evolution. Notably, when one magnetic parameter varies in the simulations, the other magnetic parameters are fixed. An external magnetic field of 100 mT is applied in the simulations, and the magnetic domain enclosed by the black dashed boxes in c, d represent the initial states in the domain evolution process. The magnetization along the z-axis (Mz) is represented by regions in red (+Mz) and blue (−Mz). The scale bar is 350 nm.