Fig. 4: Schematic illustrations of charge-to-spin interconversion in NM/FM bilayers.
From: Negative spin Hall magnetoresistance of normal metal/ferromagnet bilayers
a, b Spin- and charge-current generations from bulk SHE and inverse SHE for m||y (a), and m||z (b). c, d Spin- and charge-current generations from ISOC and inverse ISOC effects for m||y (c), and m||z (d). JC and \(J_{\mathrm{C}}^{{\mathrm{ind}}}\) are applied charge current and induced charge current by spin-to-charge conversion process, respectively. \(J_{\mathrm{S}}^{{\mathrm{SH}}}\) is a spin current generated by bulk SHE of NM, \(J_{\mathrm{S}}^{{\mathrm{abs}}}\) is a spin current absorbed by FM, \(J_{\mathrm{S}}^{{\mathrm{ref}}}\) is a spin current reflected at the NM/FM inteface, and \(J_{\mathrm{S}}^{{\mathrm{net}}}\) represents a net spin current.
