Fig. 2: Infected guinea pigs contaminate their environments with viable influenza virus.

a Swab eluate viral titers (in plaque-forming units (pfu) ml⁻¹) from fur, ears, paws, and cages of two separately housed guinea pigs (GP1 and GP2) after intranasal inoculation with Pan99. Two biological replicates (two individual guinea pigs) were performed. One swab per area (fur, ears, paws, and cages) was taken, and one plaque assay per swab eluate was performed (one technical replicate per swab from each biological replicate). Horizontal dashed lines indicate upper (650 pfu ml⁻¹ of swab eluate) and lower (4 pfu ml⁻¹) limits of detection (LOD) for the titration plaque assays. b An intranasally inoculated guinea pig grooming (Supplementary Movie 1). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.