Fig. 6: Batf triggers ILC3 activation and colitis induction.

a IL-17⁺ ILC3 numbers were analyzed in Batf^+/+Rag1^−/− or Batf^−/−Rag1^−/− mice after DSS treatment (***P = 0.0009). n = 5 independent samples. b Expression of IL-17 was measured in Batf^+/+Rag1^−/− or Batf^−/−Rag1^−/− ILC3s from DSS-treated mice. Geometric MFI of IL-17⁺ ILC3s was presented in the right panel (***P = 0.0005). n = 5 independent samples. c ELISA assay using Batf^+/+Rag1^−/− or Batf^−/−Rag1^−/− ILC3s from DSS-treated mice. Veh vehicle. n = 3 independent samples. d Analysis of Batf enrichment on Il17a promoter in ILC3s by ChIP assay. n = 3 independent samples. e Co-localization between Batf and Il17a promoter was analyzed by FISH in ILC3s isolated from DSS-treated WT mice. Green, Il17a promoter; red, Batf; blue, nucleus. Scale bar, 5 μm. f The interaction between Batf and Il17a promoter was tested by EMSA assay. g Luciferase reporter assay was performed using Il17a reporter in Batf^+/+ and Batf^−/− ILC3s. n = 3 independent samples. h Batf^+/+ and Batf^−/− ILC3s were subjected to nuclear run-on assay, followed by RT-PCR analysis of Il17a (***P = 0.0004). n = 3 independent samples. i Relative expression of Il17a in ILC3s isolated from Batf^+/+ and Batf^−/− mice treated with DSS. n = 3 independent samples. j Analysis of body weight changes of indicated mice after DSS treatment (***P = 0.0017). n = 5 for each group. k H&E staining of colons from indicated mice treated with DSS. Scale bar, 100 μm. l Colitis scores of indicated mice as in k (***P = 0.0372). n = 5 independent samples. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. Data were analyzed by an unpaired Student’s t-test and shown as means ± SD. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.