Fig. 3: Pathogenicity-related phosphatases and their phenotypic traits in C. neoformans.

a Virulence-regulating phosphatases were identified by a Galleria mellonella insect killing assay (n ≥ 15). P values were calculated using the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test to measure statistical differences between the WT strain (H99S) and phosphatase mutants. b Infectivity-regulating phosphatases identified by the signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM)-based murine infectivity assay (n = 6, summary of Supplementary Fig. 5). STM scores were calculated by quantitative PCR. The ste50∆ and ire∆ mutants were used as virulent positive control and avirulent negative control strains, respectively. The statistically significant was calculated by one-way ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. Data are presented as mean values ± standard error of mean (SEM). Red letters represent pathogenicity-related phosphatases identified by both murine and insect models. c BLAST matrix comparative search for pathogenicity-related phosphatases was performed using the Comparative Fungal Genomics Platform (http://cfgp.riceblast.snu.ac.kr). Abbreviations: Pi Phytophthora infestans, Af Aspergillus fumigatus, An Aspergillus nidulans, Bg Blumeria graminis, Bc Botrytis cinerea, Ci Coccidioides immitis, Cg Colletotrichum graminicola, Fg Fusarium graminearum, Fo Fusarium oxysporum, Hc Histoplasma capsulatum, Mo Magnaporthe oryzae, Mg Mycosphaerella graminicola, Nc Neurospora crassa, Pa Podospora anserine, Ca Candida albicans, Sc Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sp Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Cn Cryptococcus neoformans, Hi Heterobasidion irregular, Lb Laccaria bicolour, Pc Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Sl Serpula lacrymans, Ml Melampsora laricis-populina, Pg Puccinia graminis, Um Ustilago maydis, Am Allomyces macrogynus, Bd Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Ec Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Pb Phycomyces blakesleeanus, Ro Rhizopus oryzae, Dm Dorosophila melanogaster, Hs Homo sapiens, Ce Caenorhabditis elegans, At Arabidopsis thaliana, Os Oryza sativa.