Fig. 1: TXNDC5 was upregulated in IPF lungs/lung fibroblasts and correlated with fibrogenic genes.

a Transcript analysis showed significant upregulation of TXNDC5 mRNA in human IPF (n = 26, central and lateral lung from 13 biologically independent samples), compared with control (n = 18, central and lateral lung from 9 biologically independent samples), lung tissues. b Immunoblot analysis showed a marked increase in TXNDC5 and αSMA protein levels in human IPF (n = 5 biologically independent samples), compared with control (n = 3 biologically independent samples), lung tissues. c Protein expression level of TXNDC5 and αSMA were also increased in IPF, compared with control, lung fibroblasts following TGFβ1 treatment (n = 5 biologically independent samples per group). d Re-analyses of microarray data from IPF human lung fibroblasts (GSE40839)15 revealed strong positive correlation between the expression level of TXNDC5 and that of genes encoding fibrogenic proteins (COL1A1, ELN, ACTA2) in human lung fibroblasts (n = 13 biologically independent samples per group) (Data are presented as mean ± SEM, P value determined using two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file).