Fig. 1: G-CSF-induced neutrophilia exerted pro-metastatic and anti-metastatic effects in NK cell-competent and NK cell-deficient mice, respectively.
From: Dual roles of neutrophils in metastatic colonization are governed by the host NK cell status
a–d G-CSF administration showed distinct effects on breast tumor cell colonization in the lungs of C57BL/6J (b), NOD-scid (c), and NSG mice (d). As depicted in a, all mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of recombinant mouse G-CSF (2.5 μg per mouse) for 6 consecutive days. On day 3, the mice were implanted with E0771-Luc cells by intravenous (i.v.) injection. The metastatic progression of E0771-Luc cells was then monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Quantification of photon flux and comparison of metastatic colonization in the lungs of mice are shown (b, left; c and d, top), and the endpoint bioluminescence images of lungs are shown (b, right; c and d, bottom). n = 5 mice per group. P values were determined by two-way ANOVA (PBS group versus G-CSF group). e–g NK cell depletion converted G-CSF-induced pro-metastatic effect to anti-metastatic. As depicted in e, all mice first received i.p. injection of recombinant mouse G-CSF (2.5 μg per mouse) for 6 consecutive days. To deplete NK cells, NOD-scid mice (f) and B6-scid mice (g) were i.p. injected with anti-asialo GM1 (25 μl per mouse) and anti-NK1.1 (25 μg per mouse), respectively, every 3 days starting from day 1. On day 3, the mice were implanted with E0771-Luc cells by i.v. injection. At the endpoint, the metastatic progression of E0771-Luc cells in the lungs was detected by ex vivo BLI. The endpoint bioluminescence images (left) and the quantification of photon flux of lungs (right) are shown. n = 5 (IgG) or 6 (anti-asialo GM1) NOD-scid mice per group (f). n = 5 B6-scid mice per group (g). P values were determined by unpaired two-tailed t-test. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
