Fig. 1: Multipatient single-nucleus transcriptomic dataset of the epileptic and nonepileptic temporal cortex.

a Schematic representation of the experimental outline for droplet-based single-nucleus RNA sequencing using 10× Chromium on FANS-isolated neuronal nuclei. Each sample was processed separately by FANS and 10× Chromium cDNA library preparation. b UMAP representation of neuronal nuclei isolated from multiple epileptic and nonepileptic cortices, and cell-type annotations for principal neurons and GABAergic interneurons. The colors represent subtypes with the labels showing subtype names. c General and family-specific marker expression for principal cells and GABAergic interneurons with the colors proportional to log-normalized expression values. d, e Family- and subtype-specific markers for principal cells (d) and GABAergic interneurons (e). Columns and rows represent subtypes and marker genes, respectively. The color shows the log2-fold change of this marker in a given subtype relative to the average expression in the other subtypes. f Confirmation of the layer-specific expression of cardinal markers for principal neurons in the healthy temporal cortex by in situ hybridization (taken from Allen Brain Atlas)7,22. Scale bar: 400 μm.