Fig. 2: High cycle fatigue (HCF) S-N curves and precipitate-free zones (PFZ’s) of the under aged (UA), peak aged (PA), and trained alloys.
From: Training high-strength aluminum alloys to withstand fatigue

a–c HCF S-N curves of under aged (UA), peak aged (PA), and trained AA2024 (a), AA6061 (b), and AA7050 (c) alloys. The HCF tests were fully reversed (R = −1) at a frequency of 20 Hz. d–f LAADF-STEM images show PFZ’s formed in the PA alloys. The electron beam direction was parallel to <100>Al in d, e, and parallel to <110>Al in f.