Fig. 1: Fabrication and characterization of the Pd–Pt–CM.
From: Janus electrocatalytic flow-through membrane enables highly selective singlet oxygen production
a Schematic depicting the fabrication of the Pd–Pt–CM by magnetron sputtering. b, c SEM cross-section images of the Pd–CM and Pt–CM surfaces, overlapped with EDS mapping of Zr (yellow), O (blue), Ti (green), and Pd (red) or Pt (purple) elements. The insets illustrate the SEM surface images of the respective functionalized membranes overlapped with EDS mapping of Pd (orange) or Pt (purple) element. d Nyquist plots of the Pd–CM and Pt–CM surfaces of the Pd–Pt–CM and corresponding CM substrates in 100 mM Na2SO4 solution at applied frequencies varied from 106–1 Hz. e, f XPS spectra of the Pd 3d and Pt 4f on the Pd–Pt–CM, respectively. g Grazing incidence XRD patterns of the Pd–CM and Pt–CM surfaces of the Pd–Pt–CM with their respective CM substrates. h Pore size distributions of the Pd–Pt–CM (orange circles) and the pristine CM (blue squares). The inset shows the water fluxes of the Pd–Pt–CM and the pristine CM as a function of transmembrane pressure (error bars represent standard deviation from triplicate experiments).
