Fig. 2: The BAH–PHD–CPL2 complex regulates plant development and flowering time.

a The phenotypic developmental defects of bpc mutants. The morphological phenotypes of whole plants, inflorescence tissues, rosette, and cauline leaves were shown. b, c The flowering phenotypes (b) and the numbers of rosette leave (RLs) at flowering (c) in selected mutants during LD and SD photoperiods. Black horizontal lines represent the mean, and the error bars represent ±S.D. from the number of plants counted for each genotype. Col-0: n = 15 (LD/SD), aipp3-1: n = 15 (LD/SD), cpl2-2: n = 15 (LD/SD), aipp2-1: n = 15/14 (LD/SD), paipp2-1: n = 15/14 (LD/SD), aipp2-1/paipp2-1: n = 15 (LD/SD). d Comparison of the number of RLs at flowering in selected mutants under the LD condition. Black horizontal lines represent the mean, and the error bars represent ±S.D. from the number of plants counted for each genotype. n = 15 per line. e The relative mRNA levels of the FLC, FT, and SOC1 genes in the selected mutants. The mRNA levels were first normalized to ACT2 and then to Col-0. The data are the means ± S.D. of three biological repeats. Unpaired one-tailed t test was performed and *p value < 0.01. f The circadian accumulation of FT mRNA in selected mutants. The FT mRNA levels were normalized to ACT2. The data are the means ± S.D. of three biological repeats. The white and black boxes represent light and dark periods, respectively. g, h The numbers of RLs in the BAH–PHD–CPL2 complex mutants and their double mutants with flc-3 (g) and ft-10 (h) at flowering during the LD photoperiod. Black horizontal lines represent the mean, and the error bars represent ±S.D. from the number of plants counted for each genotype. n = 15 per line.