Fig. 4: SFB charging/discharging cycling performance.
From: An efficient and stable solar flow battery enabled by a single-junction GaAs photoelectrode

The SFB was integrated with SJ-GaAs photoanode and BTMAP-Vi/BTMAP-Fc redox couples. a Representative device cycling behavior showing the cell potential of SFB (blue curves), as well as the photocurrent density delivered by the GaAs photoanode (red curves). b Cycling efficiency plots of the integrated SFB device showing CE (blue triangles), VE (orange triangles), and SOEE (red circles). The SFB cycling was performed under one Sun solar illumination over 150 cycles with 0.2 M BTMAP-Vi/Fc redox couples in catholyte/anolyte and a flow rate of 60 mL min−1. Each cycle started with 1.35 h of bias-free solar charging process followed by a galvanostatic discharging step at 11 mA until reaching the cutoff potential (0.3 V).