Table 2 Multivariate analysis of immune parameter by prenatal bendiocarb exposure.

	Bendiocarb exposed versus unexposed
	Unadjusted			Adjusted^a
Immune parameter	Coefficient	95% [CI]	P value	Coefficient	95% [CI]	P value
Cord blood phenotype
T_regs	−0.54	[−0.89, −0.18]	0.004	−0.49	[−0.88, −0.09]	0.016
Myeloid DC	−22.50	[−39.82, −5.17]	0.011	−31.74	[−57.30, −5.35]	0.018
CD4⁺non-naive	1.73	[0.66, 2.80]	0.002	1.85	[0.60, 3.10]	0.004
Cord plasma cytokines
IL–2	27.23	[16.71, 37.75]	<0.0001	31.58	[19.85, 43.36]	<0.0001
IL–4	0.76	[0.16, 1.36]	0.013	0.80	[0.12, 1.49]	0.022
IL–5	92.76	[65.77, 119.74]	<0.0001	106.13	[76.23, 136.44]	<0.0001
IL–7	3.62	[2.51, 4.72]	<0.0001	4.01	[2.80, 5.23]	<0.0001
MDC	238.52	[141.48, 335.57]	<0.0001	230.61	[119.40, 340.01]	<0.0001
TNF-RI	2342.0	[1235.28, 3448.73]	<0.0001	2318.01	[1049.77, 3596.73]	<0.0001
IP-10	9.10	[-2.56, 20.77]	0.125	13.61	[0.74, 26.58]	0.038
Cord blood-stimulated cytokines
CD4⁺IL–2	19.88	[13.47, 26.28]	<0.0001	17.35	[10.42, 24.29]	<0.0001
CD4⁺TNF	5.59	[2.69, 8.49]	<0.0001	4.85	[1.63, 8.06]	0.003
CD4⁺IL–8	10.53	[2.89, 18.17]	0.008	13.6	[4.67, 22.52]	0.004
CD8⁺IL–2	4.01	[1.99, 6.03]	<0.0001	4.14	[1.90, 6.37]	<0.0001
Cord blood PfSE proliferation
CD4⁺CFSE^low	−6.67	[−12.74, −0.60]	0.032	−6.42	[−13.05, 0.21]	0.058
CD8⁺CFSE^low	−2.86	[−5.43, −0.28]	0.030	−3.71	[−6.39, −1.04]	0.007
Maternal blood phenotype	Unadjusted			Adjusted^b
CD4⁺Ki67⁺	−0.61	[−0.97, −0.24]	0.001	−0.58	[−0.98, −0.18]	0.005
Childhood measles vaccine response	Unadjusted			Adjusted^c
Measles IgG Level	3.44	[1.93, 4.95]	<0.0001	3.28	[1.38, 5.16]	0.001

Multivariate linear regression. Two-sided p values were calculated for all test statistics. Not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
^aAdjusted for malaria exposure during pregnancy, maternal chemoprevention regimen, congenital CMV infection, infant sex, maternal gravidity, prematurity, and mode of delivery.
^bAdjusted for malaria exposure during pregnancy, maternal chemoprevention regimen, maternal gravidity, prematurity, and mode of delivery.
^cAdjusted for malaria exposure during pregnancy, episodes of malaria during childhood prior to 56 weeks, maternal and childhood chemoprevention regimen, congenital CMV infection, infant sex, maternal gravidity, prematurity, and mode of delivery.

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