Fig. 5: Ligand effect on CaF2 NC’s growth mechanisms and crystallographic properties.

Schematic illustration of CaF2 NC formation with different ligands; (a) AEP and (b) Citrate. The NCs’ size (in pink), concentration (in turquoise) and F- ion concentration in solution (in blue). HR-TEM images of AEP-CaF2 NCs presenting twinning defects (inset, in a) and of Cit-CaF2 NCs presenting a crystalline morphology (inset, in b).