Fig. 3: Inhibitory effects of the DNA origami-based aptamer nanoarray and anticoagulant reversal.
From: A DNA origami-based aptamer nanoarray for potent and reversible anticoagulation in hemodialysis
a Schematic drawing of scattering spectra detection of fibrin formation after the activation of fibrinogen by thrombin. b Light scattering spectra (λsc = 650 nm) of a fibrinogen solution with thrombin only (Control) or thrombin with the mixture of origami and two types of aptamers (Ori + T + H: ~0.56 nM origami, 20 nM TBA15, 20 nM HD22), aptamers tethered with 5-mer (T-5A-H, 20 nM) or 16-mer polyA linkers (T-16A-H, 20 nM), or the DNA origami-aptamer nanoarray (Aptarray: ~0.56 nM origami, 20 nM TBA15, 20 nM HD22). c Relative thrombin activities of different treatments were estimated by the catalytic rate of thrombin with indicated groups. The catalytic rate of thrombin (Vcat) after the indicated treatments was calculated as VCat = CFibrinogen/(t1/2 × CThrombin) obtained from the panel b. The concentration of fibrinogen (CFibrinogen) is 1 mg/ml, and the concentration of thrombin (CThrombin) is 12 nM. d Plasma clotting time (APTT) in the absence (Control) and presence of the mixture of origami and two types of aptamers (Ori +T + H: ~56 nM origami, 2 μM TBA15, 2 μM HD22), the DNA origami-aptamer nanoarray (Aptarray, ~56 nM origami, 2 μM TBA15, 2 μM HD22), and fivefold antidote-neutralized nanoarray (Antidote, 10 μM cTBA15 + cHD22, mixed with Aptarray for 5 min incubation at 25 °C). e Representative TEG tracing and f the time until detectable clot formation following kaolin-initiated coagulation for each condition described. The TEG assays were performed on human whole blood from healthy donors containing no anticoagulants (Control), one of the anticoagulant strategies (Ori + T + H or Aptarray) or neutralized anticoagulant (Antidote), with the maximum time limit of a TEG assay being ~60 min. Data represent the mean ± s.d. from either three (c, f) or four (d) independent replicates. Statistical significance (c, d, f) was calculated by one-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test. NS, P > 0.05. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
