Fig. 2: S. aureus glycolytic activity induces host mitochondrial ROS and itaconate production. | Nature Communications

Fig. 2: S. aureus glycolytic activity induces host mitochondrial ROS and itaconate production.

From: Staphylococcus aureus induces an itaconate-dominated immunometabolic response that drives biofilm formation

Fig. 2

a Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR; left panel) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR; right panel) of LAC S. aureus or a glycolytically inactive (Δpyk) mutant. b, c Mitochondrial membrane polarization and b, d ROS generation in THP-1 cells treated with PBS or infected with LAC or ∆pyk. e, f Mitochondrial ROS generation in the alveolar macrophages of mice treated with PBS or infected with LAC or ∆pyk. g Itaconate in the BAL fluid of mice treated with PBS or infected with LAC or ∆pyk. h Total colony forming units (CFU) and i. immune cells in the BAL fluid and lung tissue of mice treated with PBS or infected with LAC or ∆pyk. Data are shown as mean ± SEM from n = 3 biological replicates from 3 independent experiments (a), 9 biological replicates from 3 independent experiments (b, c, d), 3 mice (e, f, g), or 6 mice (h, i). Significance determined by One-Way ANOVA with Tukey’s Multiple Comparisons (c, d, f, g, h, i); *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

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