Fig. 5: Applications as an adaptive sensor net on regular and irregular shaped surfaces for monitoring sports performance and training.

a A fiber-based sensing net that was conformally adapted on the 2D inner surface of a baseball glove to locate the hitting points with different catching speeds. b Photo to show the ball-catching using functional baseball glove. c The detection to locate the hitting points with different catching speeds when the baseball was caught by the glove. Colors indicate different catching speeds. d Conductive fibers on a 3D surface of a football to perform the sensing function of a spherical coordinate. e Schematic to show the cross point when pressed by fingers. f–k When a cross point was pressed, the corresponding signal was visualized on the spherical coordinates. f and g Point (0°, 45°) was pressed. h and i Point (60°, 90°) was pressed. j and k Point (120°, 135°) was pressed. The color indicates the signal value, and if both coordinate values are high enough, the upright coordinate line segments or area would be highlighted, which means that this cross point is pressed.