Fig. 5: VpC passenger hotspots.

The top 100 mutation hotspots in a set of APOBEC+ tumors. The x-axis represents substrate optimality, the expected mutation frequency relative to the baseline mutation rate at all linear TpC sites. The y-axis represents the number of patients in this cohort carrying a mutation at that site. Hotspots at optimal hairpin substrates for APOBEC3A (x ≥ 4) are likely passenger hotspots, whereas hotspots at ordinary sites (x < 4) are known or likely drivers. VpC hotspots in PLEKHS1 and ADGRG6 (also called GPR126) can now be understood to be optimal APOBEC3A hotspots despite their non-canonical primary sequence. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.