Fig. 1: Efficient optical readout in sensing applications.
From: Energy harvesting optical modulators with sub-attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption
a Schematic of a low-power electro-optic transducer based on our photovoltaic (PV) modulator. Individual PV modulators connected to different sensing sites are addressed using different wavelengths through a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) scheme. The development of such a compact, low-energy electro-optical transducer is essential for sensing applications where the electrical energy at the sensing site is constrained. Examples include massively parallel readout of electrophysiological signals (b), readout of single-photon sensors operating at cryogenic temperatures (c), and readout of electrical signals in environments with high electromagnetic interference, such as in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (d).
