Fig. 6: SNP22 triggers induction of disease resistance in N. benthamiana and rice.

N. benthamiana leaves, rice panicles, and rice leaves were pretreated with 1 μM of the indicated peptide for 24 h before pathogen inoculation. Buffer served as a mock treatment. In box plots, whiskers indicate the minimum and maximum values, line indicates the median, the box boundaries indicate the upper (25th percentile) and lower (75th percentile) quartiles. (**P < 0.01 compared with Mock, two-sided Dunnett’s test). a–c Induction of disease resistance to P. parasitica var nicotianae in N. benthamiana. a Lesions were assessed under UV light and representative photographs were taken at 48 h post inoculation (hpi). b Statistical analysis of lesion diameters. Data was obtained from six independent experiments, each of which tested five leaves for each treatment. c Relative biomass of P. parasitica in N. benthamiana leaves quantified by qPCR analysis of genomic DNA and normalized to mock treatment. Values from five biological replicates were shown, which include three technical replicates for each biological replicate. d–f Induction of disease resistance to M. oryzae in rice leaves. d Representative photographs were taken at 7 dpi. e Quantification of lesion types per 5 cm leaf strip. See Methods for description of lesion types. Values represent the means ± SD of five independent experiments, each of which used 10 leaves for each treatment. f Relative biomass of M. oryzae in rice leaves, quantified by qPCR analysis of genomic DNA and normalized to mock treatment. Values from five biological replicates were shown, which include three technical replicates for each biological replicate. g–i Disease resistance to U. virens in rice panicles. g Representative photographs were taken at 30 dpi. h Quantification of false smut balls per panicle. The data were collected from five independent experiments, with a total of at least 44 panicles per line. i Relative biomass of U. virens in rice spikelets, measured by qPCR analysis of genomic DNA and normalized to mock treatment. Values from five biological replicates were shown, which include three technical replicates for each biological replicate.