Fig. 6: Reproductive hormones and semen quality before and after treatment with Denosumab (60 mg) in 10 infertile men.

a Serum AMH (pmol/L), Inhibin B (pg/ml), and Inhibin B/FSH ratio, (left panel; p = 0.004, middle; p = 0.001, right; p = 0.03). b Total sperm count (10⁶). c Sperm concentration (10⁶/ml) and total number of progressive motile sperm (10⁶). d Individual changes in serum inhibin B at day 80, (p = 0.001). e Individual changes in total progressive motile sperm at day 80. f Baseline serum OPG and treatment response evaluated by percental change in serum Inhibin B at day 80. g Baseline serum OPG and treatment response evaluated by percental change in total progressive motile sperm at day 80 normalized to baseline, (right panel; p = 0.015). h Baseline serum Inhibin B and treatment response evaluated by relative change in total progressive motile sperm at day 80 normalized to baseline, (right panel; p = 0.042). i Baseline serum AMH and treatment response evaluated by relative change in total progressive motile sperm at day 80 normalized to baseline. j DNA fragmentation at baseline, day 20, and 120. k Serum sRANKL and OPG normalized to baseline values, (left to right; p < 0.0005, p < 0.0005, p < 0.0005, p < 0.0005, p = 0.002). l Seminal fluid levels of sRANKL (pmol/L) at day 80 to 120 compared with baseline, (p = 0.002). Dotted line indicates upper reference limit for the ELISA. All hormones and semen quality variables are presented after normalization to mean of the two samples delivered prior to treatment start except in Fig. B. Note, y-axes and x-axes do not intersect at 0 (a, b, d-f, k). Data presented as mean ± SEM (b), individually (d-l), or combined mean ± SEM (blue) and individually (dotted) (a, c, g, h, i, j, k) with n = 10 (a-k), n = 8 (l) Statistical test: paired two-sided Student’s t test (a, d, k, l) and unpaired two-sided Student’s t test (g, h). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.