Fig. 4: EV analyses for classification of MBC treatment response in the training and validation cohorts.

a Heatmap of ΔIntensity of EV protein markers for the training cohort involving patients with PR (n = 18), SD (n = 17), or PD (n = 10) and the validation cohort involving patients with PR (n = 13), SD (n = 13), or PD (n = 7). b Values of the EVM signature (the weighted sum of ΔIntensity of eight markers by LDA) in the training cohort (PR/SD: n = 35 samples, void blue dots; PD: n = 10 samples, void red dots) and the validation cohort (PR/SD: n = 26 samples, solid blue dots; PD: n = 7 samples, solid red dots) c, d Confusion matrix showing that the EVM signature had an accuracy of 88.9 % in differentiating PD from PR/SD for the training cohort (c) and 87.9% for the validation cohort (d). Statistical differences were determined by two-sided, nonparametric Mann–Whitney test (b). P values are indicated in the charts. Error bars represent the mean ± s.d. in (b). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.