Fig. 3: Conservative temperature–salinity diagram and HSSW source water types.

Comparing water mass time evolution at FNE1 (lowest sensor) with CTD observations at the Filchner Ice Shelf front (thin curves). Colored patches indicate the slope of the melt water mixing line14 that relates a given ISW type to the temperature and salinity of its source. Together with the assumption that the source water is at the surface freezing temperature (black broken line) this is used to distinguish between the Ronne-sourced and Berkner-sourced water mass types in Fig. 2c. Thin black contours show potential density.