Fig. 5: Schematic drawing of the experimental setup.

Schematic drawing of the PPCI setup. Clustered microparticles traveled through a spatially limited region of plasma. The particle charge was measured at the bottom of the tube by accelerating the particles in an externally applied electric field. Figure adapted from https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab8e4f, IOP Publishing. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved.