Table 2 Basal melting in Gt per year due to surface melt-water heat for decadal averages 1991–2000 and 2001–2010, and for 2012.

From: A first constraint on basal melt-water production of the Greenland ice sheet

Sector

Surface water 1991–2000 (Gt per year)

Surface water 2001–2010 (Gt per year)

Surface water 2012 (Gt per year)

Central east (CE)

0.4 ± 0.1

0.6 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.3

Central west (CW)

0.5 ± 0.2

0.8 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.4

Northeast (NE)

0.3 ± 0.09

0.6 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.3

North (NO)

0.3 ± 0.08

0.5 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.3

Northwest (NW)

0.5 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.3

1.6 ± 0.5

Southeast (SE)

0.6 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.4

Southwest (SW)

1.0 ± 0.3

1.5 ± 0.5

2.6 ± 0.8

Total

3.5 ± 1.1

6.0 ± 1.8

10.0 ± 3.0

  1. Note the substantially higher melt in 2012 due to large volumes of melt water.