Fig. 5: Optimal vaccine allocation strategies to minimize deaths with different levels of coverage, assuming an effective reproductive number Reff = 1.5.

For each plot, the bars represent the percentage of each age group vaccinated with a single dose (light blue) and two doses (dark blue) when there is enough vaccine to cover 10% (a–c), 20% (d–f), 30% (g–i), 40% (j–l) or 50% (m–o) of the population with a single dose. The columns correspond to assumptions that the single-dose efficacy (SDE) is low (left column, \({{\rm{VE}}}_{{{\rm{DIS}}}_{1}}\) = 18%), moderate (center column, \({{\rm{VE}}}_{{{\rm{DIS}}}_{1}}\) = 45%) or high (right column, \({{\rm{VE}}}_{{{\rm{DIS}}}_{1}}\) = 72%), corresponding 20%, 50%, or 80% of the full vaccine efficacy, VEDIS = 90% assumed following two doses of vaccine, respectively.