Fig. 3: Schematic representation of a proposed mechanism for the self-assembly of SPI.

Through the ultrasonication treatment in acetic acid solution, the initially insoluble aggregates are solubilised and unfolded, making them avaialble to form new intermolecular interactions. Upon cooling down, the new intermolecular β-sheets structures are formed. The removal of solvent results in the formation of β-sheet nanocrystals within the film.