Fig. 5: The NDH complex was disrupted in the Gene X knockout mutant in Physcomitrella.

a RT-PCR analysis of Gene X and PnsB4 transcripts. These transcripts were amplified using cDNA from Physcomitrella wild-type (PpWT) and Gene X knockout mutants (Gene X_KO) mutants. PnsB4 was detected as a control. b Analysis of transient increases in chlorophyll fluorescent after turning off actinic light (AL). A typical trace of chlorophyll fluorescence in the PpWT is shown at left. Plants were exposed to AL for 5 min, and the subsequent transient increase in chlorophyll fluorescence (boxed area) was monitored in the dark. Fluorescence levels were normalized against the maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fm) levels. Boxed area is magnified at right. Fo, minimal chlorophyll fluorescence; ML, measuring light; SP, saturation pulse of white light. c Immunoblot analysis of membrane proteins from PpWT and Gene X_KO #1. Samples were loaded on the basis of chlorophyll content, and PnsB1 and PsaA (a loading control) were detected. Each experiment was performed at least twice, and results in independent transgenic plants are also shown in Supplementary Fig. 11d.