Fig. 2: Time-scaled (strict model) BEAST phylogeny of 805 isolates, including 340 GISP isolates identified in Clade A-B of this study and 465 international MLST ST1901 strains.
Clade AB1 and Clade AB2 represent the divergent sub-lineages that we identified in the phylogeny. The oldest sequenced isolate is from the Philippines collected in 1992. The phylogeny includes epidemiological details and antimicrobial susceptibility. Sex of sex partners are colored [MSW men that have sex with women (red), MSM men that have sex with men (light orange), MSMW men that have sex with men and women (light blue)]. Antimicrobial susceptibility is based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to each respective antibiotic and is shown with colors: susceptible (light orange), elevated MIC range (teal), or high-level MICs (dark green). Alleles for penA are colored based on their amino acid sequence homology to penA-34 (≥98% is a derivative allele; teal), differing mosaic penA allele (dark green), or absence of a mosaic penA allele. Amino acid mutations in PBP2 associated with elevated cephalosporin MICs are shown at the top of figure. The bottom scale bar represents the time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of the internal node of the phylogenetic tree. Numbers highlighted in red are the ancestral nodes of the time-scaled phylogenetic tree and represent estimated years and credibility intervals based on tMRCA: 1) Root; 1818 [1781 - 1865], 2) 1925 [1913 - 1951], 3) 1944 [1935 - 1953], 4) 1952 [1942 - 1964], 5) 1970 [1964 - 1977], 6) 1972 [1966 -1979], 7) 1985 [1980 - 1990], 8) 1987 [1983 - 1992], 9) 1990 [1986 - 1994].
