Fig. 1: The Wearable System components, energy expenditure estimation methods, and experimental conditions.
From: Sensing leg movement enhances wearable monitoring of energy expenditure
a The Wearable System consists of a microcontroller, battery, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) attached to the shank and thigh on one leg. b The Wearable System estimated energy expenditure in real-time, using a model trained with data from 13 subjects completing three conditions of walking, running, stair climbing, and biking. The trained model was held constant to test the Wearable System with 24 new subjects during two different steady-state conditions for the same activities and four new time-varying conditions. These subjects had not participated in previous experiments and were selected to emulate a diverse adult population. c The Wearable System was compared with commercial devices including the Smartwatch and the Activity-Specific Smartwatch as well as baselines including the Heart Rate Model, Per-Breath Respirometry, and Fast-Estimated Respirometry.
