Table 1 Demographics, cognitive and biomarker data of participants with Down syndrome and controls.
Control | aDS | pDS | dDS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 44 | 240 | 43 | 83 |
Age (years) (median [IQR]) | 55.75 [47.50, 62.02]* | 37.83 [29.90, 45.58]*+& | 50.27 [48.02, 54.10]& | 53.21 [49.19, 57.14]+ |
Gender = Male (%) | 21 (47.7) | 132 (55.0) | 22 (51.2) | 42 (50.6) |
APOEε4 positivity (%) | 10 (23.3) | 47 (19.7) | 10 (23.3) | 19 (23.5) |
MMSE score (median [IQR]) | 30.00 [29.00, 30.00] | |||
CAMCOG score (median [IQR]) | 77.00 [62.00, 86.00]+& | 61.00 [46.50, 73.50]&^ | 41.00 [30.00, 55.00]+^ | |
Degree of disability (%) | ||||
Mild | 68 (28.3) | 7 (16.3) | 5 (6.0) | |
Moderate | 120 (50.0) | 18 (41.9) | 49 (59.0) | |
Severe/Profound | 52 (21.7) | 18 (41.9) | 29 (34.9) | |
plasma p-tau181 (pg/ml) (median [IQR]) | 9.31 [7.46, 13.82]$# | 11.36 [8.10, 16.01]+& | 21.72 [16.55, 37.02]&^ | 32.58 [23.67, 44.57]+$^ |
plasma NfL (pg/ml) (median [IQR]) | 3.38 [2.89, 4.16]$#* | 5.93 [4.43, 10.25]+&* | 13.61 [11.50, 18.26]&^ | 23.86 [17.33, 33.65]+$^ |
CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 (median [IQR]) | 0.11 [0.10, 0.11]$#* | 0.08 [0.06, 0.09]+&* | 0.04 [0.04, 0.05]& | 0.05 [0.04, 0.05]+$ |
CSF t-tau (pg/ml) (median [IQR]) | 239.00 [181.75, 295.50]$# | 309.00 [163.00, 446.00]+& | 711.50 [467.25, 1112.50]& | 963.00 [653.00, 1222.00]+$ |
CSF p-tau (pg/ml) (median [IQR]) | 32.15 [24.55, 41.52]$# | 29.80 [17.30, 51.20]+& | 111.90 [69.30, 201.07]& | 152.80 [93.40, 192.80]+$ |
CSF NfL (pg/ml) (median [IQR]) | 362.00 [260.10, 497.56]$# | 365.00 [233.30, 507.60]+& | 705.05 [645.00, 1027.05] &^ | 1201.00 [893.58, 1625.00]+$^ |
SUVR 18F-FBP (median [IQR]) | 1.15 [1.09, 1.20]+& | 1.35 [1.17, 1.43]& | 1.33 [1.30, 1.34]+ | |
SUVR 18F-FDG (median [IQR]) | 1.35 [1.26, 1.41] +& | 1.11 [1.07, 1.30]&^ | 0.82 [0.74, 0.93]+^ |
