Fig. 7: Remodeling of Arabidopsis actin by XopR during Xcc infection.
From: Xanthomonas effector XopR hijacks host actin cytoskeleton via complex coacervation
Schematic illustration of the molecular mechanisms by which bacterial effector XopR progressively hijacks plant host actin assembly. Using a type III secretion system, XopR stepwise manipulates different steps of host actin assembly, including activating formin-mediated nucleation at the early stage of infection and then stabilizing actin cytoskeleton at the later stage by crosslinking of F-actin and inhibiting actin depolymerization with a high protein level of XopR in the host.
