Table 1 A rough comparison of the overall performance between this work and previously reported typical ionic skin materials.

From: Skin-like mechanoresponsive self-healing ionic elastomer from supramolecular zwitterionic network

Ionic skin materials

Mechanoresponse

Self-healing

Max. strain (%)

Elastic recovery ratio (%)

Transparency (%)

Air stability

Anti-freezing (°C)

Adhesion

Refs.

PAAm/salt hydrogel

Softening

None

~800

~100

>95

Poor

−17

None

6,48,52

ACC/PAA/alginate hydrogel

Softening

20 min, 100%

>1000

Poor

Opaque

Poor

None

None

18

PVA/MXene hydrogel

Softening

Fast, 100%

>3400

Poor

Opaque

Poor

None

None

53

PDMAPS/clay hydrogel

Softening

24 h, 98%

1500

NA

98.8

Poor

NA

Yes

11

P(SPMA-r-MMA) organohydrogel

Softening

3 h, 98.3%

2636

~89

~100

Good

NA

NA

54

PMMA-r-BA/ionogel

Softening

NA

850

96.1

98.5

Good

NA

NA

13

PDMAPS ionogel

Softening

48 h, 100%

>10,000

63

>90

Good

<−10

NA

14

PIL-based ionogel

Stiffening

None

1390

97

~95

Good

−75

NA

55

P(MEA-co-IBA) elastomer

Stiffening

24 h, 30–40%

1744

95

90

Good

−14.4

Yes

56

PAA/betaine elastomer

Stiffening

12 h, 100%

1600

97.9

99.7

Good

−40

Yes

This work