Fig. 4: Electrical readout of individual nuclear spin.
From: Room-temperature control and electrical readout of individual nitrogen-vacancy nuclear spins
a Schematic of the NV ground state hyperfine energy-level structure of the |ms〉 = |0〉 and |ms〉 = |−1〉 states depicting the resonant frequencies of the probed transitions (RF: radiofrequency, MW0: resonant microwave frequency to selectively excite the electron spin in |mI〉 = |0〉, MW1: resonant microwave frequency to selectively excite the electron spin in |mI〉 = |+1〉). b Scheme of the envelope pulse train designed for electrical readout of a single nuclear spin using the lock-in detection technique. Here, the lock-in amplifier is triggered by the on/off envelope modulation of the laser pulses. c Electrically-detected RF resonant frequency of the |0,+1〉 and |0,0〉 transitions of the single 14N nuclear spin measured at 439 G. Inset shows the pulse sequence used, consisting of RF and MW0 π-pulses. d Corresponding electrically-detected Rabi oscillations of the single nuclear spin with the pulse sequence shown in the inset. e Electrically-detected RF resonant frequency of the |0,+1〉 and |0,0〉 transitions of the single 14N nuclear spin without electron spin manipulation measured at 439 G. Inset shows the pulse sequence used consisting of RF π-pulses. f Corresponding electrically-detected Rabi oscillations of the single nuclear spin with the pulse sequence shown in the inset (experimental conditions: 4000 ns laser pulse of 6 mW power, 400 ns long MW π-pulse, 1 W RF power).
