Fig. 2: Characterization of the DC series genome-reduced mutants.

a The growth profiles of the DSM 7029 wild type (WT) and the genome-reduced mutants DC1 to DC7 were measured by culturing in CYMG normal medium after uniform starting OD600 values. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. n = 3 biologically independent samples. b Cell morphology determination by using the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) of the WT, DC1, DC3, DC4, DC6, and DC7, at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. The experiment was repeated twice independently with similar results. c The viable counts of the DSM 7029 and DC1 to DC7 at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. n = 3 biologically independent samples. cfu, colony-forming number. Source data underlying (a, c), are provided as a Source Data file.