Fig. 1: Basic material properties and experimental setup.

a Normalized electrical resistance as a function of temperature. Inset: zoom of superconducting transitions. b In-plane sample length changes as a function of temperature34. Titanium and BaFe2As251 are shown for comparison. c Sketch of the deformations in the Fe plane corresponding to the indicated irreducible representations. d Photograph of a RbFe2As2 sample mounted between titanium plates in the strain cell. The uniaxial stress axis is defined to be x. In this example, strain is applied along [110] and the sample experiences A1g + B2g strain. ν is the in-plane Poisson ratio of the sample. e, f Longitudinal and transverse elastoresistance curves at indicated temperatures. Lines are linear fits.