Fig. 2: Performance of the ILCP-based device.

a Plots of IL content and ionic conductivity versus immersion time. Before the measurement of IL contents, samples were dried in vacuum at room temperature for 6 h. b Plots of IL content versus vacuum time of CLCP-TPU and LCP-TPU fabrics at room temperature and 50 °C. The measurement of IL contents was directly conducted after immersing samples in ILs for 12 hours. c Relative current changes in accordance with UV power density from 10 to 270 mW cm⁻². The relative current change (ΔI/I₀) is defined as the ratio of current shift over the initial current, where ΔI and I₀ denote the measured current shift upon UV exposure and the initial current, respectively. The inset shows the response time of 5 s. The weight ratio of Azo-BCP/TPU in ILCPs is 1:3. d Experimental data and fitting curves of relative current changes versus UV power density in different Azo-BCP/TPU weight ratios. e Device response during consecutive 1000 UV on/off cyclic operation upon 90 mW cm⁻² UV light. The insets are the initial (left) and last (right) ten cycles of the test. f Relative current changes upon 90 mW cm⁻² UV light, when the ILCPs are subject to uniaxial stretching (0–30% strain), bending (0–200 m⁻¹ curvature), and repeated dipping in water (0–50 cycles), respectively. The device was fixed on a linear motor to control the strain and curvature.