Fig. 9: Model for microglial interaction at nodes of Ranvier.

Microglial contact with nodes of Ranvier depends on the tissular context. The interaction is in particular reduced in perilesional area at the peak of demyelination, and increased in remyelination compared to healthy myelinated tissue. Neuronal activity and nodal K+ efflux promote the interaction, with microglial read-out depending on THIK-1. Altering K+ efflux or THIK-1 activity in remyelination correlates with more pro-inflammatory microglia and decreased remyelination.