Fig. 2: Phylogenetic two-block partial least squares analysis to assess macroevolutionary associations between lower oral and pharyngeal jaws.
From: The cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaws are evolutionarily and genetically coupled
a Jaw shape associations across a broad sample of African cichlids (n = 88). Taxa from Lake Malawi are placed into two groups based on phylogenetic position: an mbuna ‘rock-dwellers’ group, and a non-mbuna group consisting of the utaka ‘sand-dwellers’ alongside other benthic species88. b Jaw shape associations across the Tropheops sp. species complex from across a depth gradient (n = 22). Oral and pharyngeal jaw wireframes denote morphologies at either end of the correlational axis. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
