Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics of the study cohorts.

From: Direct on-swab metabolic profiling of vaginal microbiome host interactions during pregnancy and preterm birth

Cohorts

VMET

VMET2

Demographics

sPTB

Term

Total

P value

iPTB

sPTB

Term

Total

P value

Subject, n

29 (18%)

131 (82%)

160

 

3 (1%)

41 (20%)

161 (79%)

205

 

Sample, n

79

376

455

 

9

105

459

573

 

Mean maternal age, years ± SD (range)

32.2 ± 6.4 (20–43)

22.7 ± 7.0 (8.7–36.7)

22.5 ± 7.0 (8.7–36.7)

p = 0.17

38.0 ± 3.1 (34.0–41.0)

32.7 ± 5.9 (20.0–44.0)

33.2 ± 4.7 (20–43)

33.3 ± 4.9 (20–44)

p = 0.50

Mean sample gestation, weeks (±SD range)

21.8 ± 6.8 (11.7–34.3)

33.0 ± 5.0 (19–49)

32.9 ± 5.2 (19–49)

p = 0.15

23.4 ± 7.2 (15.3–34.5)

21.5 ± 6.4 (12.2–32.6)

22.4 ± 6.8 (11.0–35.6)

22.3 ± 6.8 (10.5–36)

p = 0.12

Mean BMI, kg/m2 (±SD, range)

26.2 ± 4.4 (18–36)

24.2 ± 4.4 (18–48)

24.5 ± 4.5 (18–48)

p = 0.0002

28.9 ± 3.5 (24.0–32.0)

25.5 ± 5.6 (20.0–46.1)

25.3 ± 5.1 (18.1–39.9)

25.3 ± 5.1 (18.1–46.1)

p = 0.19

Ethnicity, n/N (%)

 Caucasian

17/113 (15%)

96/113 (85%)

113/160 (71%)

p = 0.14

2/130 (2%)

20/130 (15%)

108/130 (73%)

130/205 (63%)

p = 0.66

 Asian

1/11 (9%)

10/11 (91%)

11/160 (7%)

0/28 (0%)

8/28 (29%)

20/28 (71%)

28/205 (14%)

 Black

11/35 (31%)

24/35 (69%)

35/160 (22%)

1/35 (3%)

10/35 (29%)

24/35 (69%)

35/205 (17%)

 Others

0/0 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/160 (0%)

0/12 (0%)

3/12 (25%)

9/12 (75%)

12/205 (6%)

 Not recorded*

0/1 (0%)

1/1 (100%)

1/160 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/205 (0%)

Gravida

 0

2/50 (4%)

48/50 (96%)

50/160 (31%)

p = 0.01

0/1 (0%)

1/1 (100%)

0/1 (0%)

1/205 (0%)

p = 0.21

 1

8/34 (24%)

26/34 (76%)

34/160 (21%)

0/45 (0%)

5/45 (11%)

40/45 (89%)

45/205 (22%)

 2

5/26 (19%)

21/26 (81%)

26/160 (17%)

1/59 (2%)

15/59 (25%)

43/59 (73%)

59/205 (29%)

 >3

14/50 (28%)

36/50 (72%)

50/160 (31%)

2/100 (2%)

20/100 (20%)

78/100 (78%)

100/205 (49%)

Previous mid trimester loss/PTB

 No

7/93 (8%)

86/93 (92%)

93/160 (58%)

p = 0.00004

1/86 (1%)

7/86 (8%)

78/86 (91%)

86/205 (42%)

p = 0.001

 Yes

22/67 (33%)

45/67 (67%)

67/160 (42%)

2/119 (2%)

34/119 (29%)

83/119 (70%)

119/205 (58%)

Previous excisional cervical treatment

 No

24/147 (16%)

123/147 (84%)

147/160 (92%)

p = 0.045

0/105 (0%)

15/105 (14%)

90/105 (86%)

105/205 (51%)

p = 0.029

 Yes

5/13 (38%)

8/13 (62%)

13/160 (8%)

1/100 (1%)

28/100 (28%)

71/100 (71%)

100//205 (49%)

Cervical cerclage material intervention

 Braided

10/45 (22%)

35/45 (78%)

45/160 (28%)

p = 0.22

1/26 (4%)

13/26 (50%)

12/26 (46%)

26/205 (13%)

p = 0.0007

 Monofilament

7/23 (30%)

16/23 (70%)

23/160 (14%)

0/30 (0%)

8/30 (27%)

22/30 (73%)

30/205 (15%)

 Abdominal

0/0 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/160 (0%)

0/2 (0%)

0/2 (0%)

2/2 (100%)

2/205 (1%)

 No intervention

12/92 (13%)

80/92 (87%)

92/160 (58%)

2/142 (1%)

18/142 (13%)

122/142 (86%)

142/205 (69%)

 Not recorded*

0/0 (0%)

0/0 (0%)

0/160 (0%)

 

0/5 (0%)

2/5 (40%)

3/5 (60%)

5/205 (2%)

 
  1. sPTB spontaneous preterm birth, iPTB  iatrogenic preterm birth. Comparisons of means between sPTB and Term group were done using two-sided Student’s t-tests for continuous covariates (maternal age, sample gestation and BMI), and two-sided Pearson’s chi-squared tests were used to compare the distribution of categorical variables (ethnicity, gravida, previous mid trimester loss/PTB, previous excisional cervical treatment, cervical cerclage material intervention).
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