Fig. 3: Outcrops with seismites and/or sand spikes in the Upper Freshwater Molasse.

a Sand- and claypit Untereichen south of Ulm. Sand spikes often occur as board-like aggregates parallel to layering of the sandy deposits or as single arrow-like specimens (b). c Former outcrop “Liebherr” in Ochsenhausen near Biberach an der Riss exhibiting board-like aggregates of sand spikes parallel to the layering of the sandy deposits or as single arrow-like specimens (lower right). The outcrop with sand spikes interfingers laterally with sandy deposits showing convolute bedding and slump structures. d Outcrop “Tobel Oelhalde-Süd” in the Hochgeländ area south of Biberach an der Riss. Board-like aggregates of sand spikes (left) and single specimens (e) occur within sand deposits showing convolute bedding, sand diapirs, and sand blows. e Sand spikes tracing convolute bedding faults. All photographs taken by V.J.S.