Fig. 4: Structural evolution of functional groups during protonation treatment. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Structural evolution of functional groups during protonation treatment.

From: Photoluminescence mechanism of carbon dots: triggering high-color-purity red fluorescence emission through edge amino protonation

Fig. 4: Structural evolution of functional groups during protonation treatment.

a, b FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra of OPD with or without protonation treatment. c, d FTIR and 1H-NMR spectra of CDs with or without protonation treatment (black line: spectra of samples without protonation treatment; red line: spectra of samples with protonation treatment).

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