Fig. 1: Changes in total water export, freshet timing, and summer stream intermittency. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Changes in total water export, freshet timing, and summer stream intermittency.

From: Recent changes to Arctic river discharge

Fig. 1

a Map showing the pan-Arctic (gray shaded), North American (outlined in red), and Eurasian (outlined in blue) basins; b Water export from rivers shows increasing trends across the Pan-Arctic, Eurasia, and North America during 1984–2018; c The temporal centroid of spring freshet (TCSF) for North American and Eurasian rivers per year shows a significant advance of the TCSF for Eurasia. Data points represent the mean TCSF of all reaches in each region for 1984–2018; d The number of zero-flow days (ZFD) during the open-water period (Apr–Nov) has decreased significantly by 3.1 days/decade for streams prone to intermittency during 1984–2018. Each data point represents the annual average ZFD for all intermittent reaches across the pan-Arctic. The shade in b, c, and d indicates the 95% confidence interval. See Methods for the definitions of total water export, TCSF, ZFD, and intermittent reaches. PWMK refers to the pre-whitening Mann–Kendall test for trend significance.

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