Fig. 3: Determination of drug resistance.

E. coli BL21(DE3) cells transformed with either an empty plasmid (blank) or a plasmid encoding AlkD, YtkR2, or C10R5 were grown in the presence of various concentrations of YTM, DSA, or CC-1065. A shorter lag phase (lag time) before the onset of exponential growth indicates increased drug resistance. A complete lack of cell growth was plotted as a lag time of 18 h, the total incubation period for the cultures, as indicated by the dashed line. Data are presented as the mean ± SD from four replicate experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.