Fig. 7: Simulated instantaneous wavelength for different scale lengths.
From: Time-resolved study of holeboring in realistic experimental conditions

The solid blue and red lines show the instantaneous wavelength shift of the laser pulse after the interaction with a preplasma of the scale lengths of Lc = 0.04 μm (blue) and Lc = 0.739 μm (red). As a comparison, the induced Doppler shift by the velocity of the critical density is shown by the yellow dots for the incoming temporal laser-intensity distribution, given by the black solid line. The uncertainty is given by the peak-to-valley difference of the initial expansion velocity before the laser hits the plasma. The dashed lines show the temporal region that is used to determine the holeboring acceleration.