Fig. 5: Nonreciprocal acoustic wavefront manipulation for extraordinary refraction.
From: Janus acoustic metascreen with nonreciprocal and reconfigurable phase modulations

In the FD (forward direction), the normal plane incident wave is converted into an extraordinary refracted plane wave with an angle of 45°. The time-reversed wave of this refracted plane wave is the incident wave in the BD (backward direction) with an angle of 45° which is converted into an extraordinary refracted plane wave with an angle of −45°, which is not the time-reversed wave of the incident one in the forward direction, demonstrating the non-reciprocity of the JAM. a The phase profiles along the y-direction for the FD and BD, which are φ1 = 83.3 y rad and φ2 = 166.6 y rad, respectively. b Corresponding height h1 and h2 for the FD and BD, respectively. c FD and d BD simulated (Sim.) and experimental (Exp.) acoustic pressure distribution at 6430 Hz.