Fig. 1: Illustration of different scenarios of species naturalization and their consequences on similarity between two regions. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Illustration of different scenarios of species naturalization and their consequences on similarity between two regions.

From: The global loss of floristic uniqueness

Fig. 1: Illustration of different scenarios of species naturalization and their consequences on similarity between two regions.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

In a–c, the triangle and circle represent species that are non-native to the two regions, denoted by the gray areas, while the other symbols represent native species of the regions. In scenario a, species that are native to one of the two regions have become naturalized aliens in the other region, resulting in homogenization. In scenario b, species not native to both regions have become naturalized in both, resulting in homogenization. In scenario c, each of the two non-native species has become naturalized in a different region, resulting in differentiation. The symbols “+” and “−” indicate whether the naturalized species increase similarity (homogenization) or reduce similarity (differentiation), respectively.

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