Fig. 4: DFT theoretical models.
From: Coordination modulation of iridium single-atom catalyst maximizing water oxidation activity

a, b Proposed 4e− mechanism of oxygen evolution reaction on Ir1/NFS and Ir1/NFH. c, d The free energy profiles of four-step elementary reaction on Ir1/NFS and Ir1/NFH. e, f Diagrams of charge transfer between oxygen-containing intermediates and Ir atom during the oxygen evolution reaction of (e) Ir1/NFS and (f) Ir1/NFH. Green area represents the loss of electrons, while yellow area represents the opposite.